The Past and Present Treatment of Ethnic Minorities in...

The Past and Present Treatment of Ethnic Minorities in Britain For this assigment I will be looking at the past and present treatments of the ethnic minorities in Britain. I will also prove or disprove my hypothesis, of which is: The arrival of various ethinic minority groups in Britain over the past 60 years, has created a more tolerant and multicultural society today? Do you argree? The eithnic minority group I will be looking at are the black carrabiens. I will be focusing on what led to Britain becoming a multicultural society, how the ethnic minority groups were treated and why and the influences of ethnic†¦show more content†¦Timothy Cooper was just one of the thousands of West Indians who fled to Britain. despite having a cramped journey, when Timothy saw Britain in sight, his eyes opened and jolted and he thought the journey had been well worth it. (Information about Timothy coop er taken from Modern Minds - the Twenty first century world.) The black carrabieins expectations were so high that they couldnt even think of the worst of what could happen. In June 1948 the SS Empire Windrush had just arrived in Britain. The press and the cinema news reels gave them a mighty warm welcome. One newparper article from the Manchester Guardian in 23rd June 1948 said, one of them looked over the unlovely town to the grey-green field behond and said, If this is England, I like it. A good omen perhaps. This article is saying that Britain is not that great, but it looks great to those who arrive. Members of the public were very discriminating, judgemental, unfair and racist towards the Afro-carrabiens. Violence broke out in Liverpool as soon as 1948. The West Indains had been attacked by mobs of white people. The new arrivals couldnt understand what was going on, this was their mother country they called it. The West Indians found it especially hard to find somwhere to live. 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The Role Of The Patriot Act And The Middle East - 1480 Words

In recent years we have seen drastic changes occur in our country. Since the terrorist attack on the twin towers we have seen many changes take place in everyday situations. Homeland Security was established. There are security checks at airports; a tedious procedure ensuring everyone’s safety at airports and safety during traveling. The minds of American citizens have turned a cold shoulder to Muslims or anyone who bears a turban. Fear, prejudice and intolerance has spread through our country since the 9/11 attacks. Wars spread like wild fire in the Middle East, the United States entered a war on terror. The budget on defense spending has risen immensely and some economists debate that this large spending had some effect on the recent recession America has faced. Citizens also feel the effects of the Patriot Act and other legislation that allow government intrusions, reducing our civil rights and such ideals as â€Å"a personal life†. 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Inventor Of Global Gross Domestic Product â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Inventor Of Global Gross Domestic Product? Answer: Introduction In recent times Australia has made an enormous growth in terms GDP. GDP stands for gross domestic product. It is an economic barometer that is used to measure the economic success of a country. Currently Australia is on 13th rank and is contributing 1.74% of the total worlds economy. United States, China, Japan, U.K and India are the top contributors of the total world economy(machille 2015). In this assignment we are going to study about the economy and recession trends of USA and Australia. Both these countries shares international trade with each other. USA has a bigger economy compared to that of Australia; however the recession rate of USA is much higher than that of Australia. The gross domestic product of Australia for the year 2017 is 1359.723 billion dollars, where as for USA it is 19417.144 billion dollars. In this assignment we are going to discuss about the affects of the Global Economic System (United States of America) on the other well developed economies of the world. Critical Analysis Australia has made a remarkable growth in terms of everything; the number of immigrants going to Australia in search of work is also growing day by day. The economy of Australia is giving a tough competition to the existing international players. Most of the economists are of the view that the economy of Australia is linked with the economy of USA, Because Australia trades with the States, financial market commentators has even said that any changes in the USA economy will result in the recession or expansion of the Australian economy, which we believe is not a true statement. It cant be ignored that USA is the worlds largest economy currently but if it made any changes into its economy, then the Australian economy will remain unaffected. To prove this we are going to provide various facts and cases. The economy of USA is much higher than that of Australia but it does not have anything to do with it, in terms of recession or expansion. In the year 2016 the GDP- real growth rate of US A was 1.6%, as compared to 2.9% that of Australia(Adam 2014). The unemployment rate in the year 2016 for USA was 4.7% and 5.8% for Australia. Australia is a developed country that has earned everything on its own. There is no doubt that its economy is related to many other big countries but any change in their economy will hardly affect the Australian economy. Below is a table that shows the GDP real growth rate of USA Australia from the year 1985-2015(Weber 2012). YEAR GDP growth rate % AUSTRALIA GDP growth rate % UNITED STATES 1985 5.5 3.3 1990 1.5 0.8 1995 2.9 1.5 2000 3.2 2.9 2005 3.2 2.4 2010 2.3 1.7 2015 2.4 1.9 So as you can see the above table shows the data from 1985 to 2015. Australian economy is at every point has achieved an enormous growth where as the American economy is also growing but at a slow rate. There is no doubt that United states has relatively a much bigger economy than that of Australian economy but, the growing rate of Australian economy is much better than that of the States economy. In the year 1985 the real growth rate of Australian economy was 5.5%, 2.2% more than the growth rate of USA growth rate. Australian economy in the last 2 decades has worked in favor of the country and has made it possible for the country to compete with the big players of the international market(Botha 2017). Coming to the year 2015 again Australian growth rate is 2.4% and 1.9% is of USA growth rate. There is a huge difference in the growth rate even in 2015. The reason behind this is Australias low population, with no one living below the poverty line(Teshicia 2013). Australia is projected to be in the top 7 ranks of the global players in the next 15years. Exports Now we will talk about the exports of both the countries. We will see if any decrease or increase in the exports of USA has affected the exports of Australia. Exports means sending of any good or services outside the country of its origin is known as exports(Fiscal policy and private investment expenditure: a study of Australia and the United States 2012). Below is a table that shows the data of exports done by Australia and United States between the years 1985-2015: Years Australia ( Amount in AUD million) United States of America ( Amount in USA million Dollar) 1985 3800 35000 1990 5100 50000 1995 6500 65000 2000 10000 85000 2005 13200 100000 2010 20000 140000 2015 25000 190000 So now the above table depicts the exports data of Australia and USA from the year 1985-2015. In the year 1985 Australia had an export rate of 3800million AUD, on the other hand USA was having the export rate of 35000 million US dollars. In 1990 Australia increased its export by 1300 million AUD and USA increased its export by 15000 million US dollars. By each passing year Australia made growth but it was nowhere close to that of the export rate of USA. In the year 2015 Australia managed to touch the milestone of 25000 million AUD and at that point of time the export of USA was touching the milestone of 190000million US dollars. The exports capability of USA is really huge than that of Australia. However the growth rate in exports of Australia and USA doesnt seem to be linked. As USA is having really large number of export whereas the export of Australia is nowhere closes to that of USA(Tulip 2014). Fed Rate In this section of the assignment we are going to discuss about the Fed Rates of USA and its effects on the Australian economy. It is not wrong to say that the worlds biggest economy has its effect on every other economy of the world more or less. But it would be inappropriate to totally support this statement. Every country is responsible of making their own economy fail or successful. Fed rates are the interest rates that a depository institution charges from the other depository institution to lend funds. These transfers of funds generally happen for overnight and it only happens between the most credit worthiness institutions(D'suza 2017). The federal funds rate is the most high-ranking funds rates of United States of America as it affects the financial and monetary condition of the country(Clinton 2016). In the year 2017 the fed rates in USA have been increased which has proved to be good for Australian economy. USA is the worlds largest and the strongest economy, and it is capa ble to shake the economy of other countries directly or indirectly, same happened with Australia(Gomes 2017). On the one side United States of America increased their fed rates and on the other side it came as good news in Australian economy. The fact cant be ignored that every other economy of the world is related to United States economy but todays market progress does not matters a lot. The increase in fed rates of United States of America will result in the increased rates of the bank interest rates of Australia. This increase will help the reserve bank of Australia to increase the cash rate. Another main reason is that if United States of America increases the interest rates then the investment of Australian economy can shift to earn much more interest from the American economy, so in order to maintain their investments and economy the Australian government will need to pay high interest to its investors or depositors(Clarke 2014). To make the audience understand fed rates easi ly, below is a graph provided: So now as you can see in the year when the US fed rate was on point 4, the increase in the interest rate of RBA can be easily seen, it hiked to 6.8%. Then if see the year 1996 US fed rate was hitting on 5.2% which resulted in the increase of Australian RBA interest to 7.1%. There only came 2 years when the Australian reserve bank lowered or maintained the interest rates in spite of the increase in the US fed rate(Horton 2015). Monetary Policy of Australia Monetary policy of any country is responsible for regulating the financial situations of the country. The interest rates, employment rate, inflation and a lot more is covered under the monetary policy of the country(Eastwood 2012). In Australia it is the Reserve Bank of Australia that regulates and Implements the monetary policy and it is responsible for everything that is covered under monetary policy of Australia. The objectives of the monetary policy of Australia are as under(Reserve Bank of Australia 2017): The primary objective of the monetary policy of Australia is to maintain stability of the legal tender of Australia(Tah 2013). The second most important objective of monetary policy of Australia is to maintain full employment in Australia. Another objective of the monetary policy of Australia is to look after the welfare of the Australian citizen. It is mentioned in the monetary policy of Australia that the centre piece of a monetary policy is to maintain the inflation rate. Inflation means rise in the prices of the commodity and decrease in the value of purchasing power of the consumer(Eban 2015). Below is image that is taken from the official website of the Reserve Bank of Australia to show the inflation rate data of the Australia(RBA 2017): The above picture clearly states the inflation rate in Australia since 1965 to 2017. The main work of the reserve bank of Australia is to maintain a good inflation rate so that the Australian economy remains stabilize(Mill 2010). Monetary Policy of United States of America As mentioned above, monetary policy of any country is to regulates and stabilize the economic conditions of a country. The monetary policy puts its main emphasis on to decrease the inflation rate and to maintain a good stability and full employment in the country(Krugman 2015). The United State of America is the global system of the economy in the world. The concept of having a monetary policy was came in practice after the United States of America introduced its first monetary policy(Makin 2016). In the United States of America the monetary policy is implemented and regulated by the Federal Reserves Open Market Committee (FOMC) under the Federal Reserve act. The main work of FOMC is to control inflation, maintain full employment and to stabilize the American market in order to maximum economic harmony to the country(Harford 2011). The main objectives of the monetary policy of the United States of America are under(Merkley 2015): To maintain full employment in the economy of the United States of America. To work for the social welfare of the citizens of the USA. To stabilize the economy by maintain the interest rates. Above are the few main objective of the monetary policy of the USA. There are not many differences in the monetary policies of the countries. As each and every country aims at minimizing the inflation rate and maintaining the full employment rate. Monetary policy of a country defines its capability of tackling with the financial crises. The United States of America has the strongest monetary policy in the world(Mrokgen 2015). Fiscal Policy of United States Australia There is not much difference between a fiscal and a monetary policy, however fiscal policy is created and implemented by the national government of a country whereas the monetary policy is created and implemented by the Reserve Bank of a country both of these policies works for economic welfare of the nation. It is a certain thing that USAs fiscal policy is capable of affecting other nations economy(Buck 2000). Now as Donald trump has become the president of USA, his decisions regarding taxes and other economical things are affecting the fiscal policy of USA which is resulting in the expansion and contraction of the economy of other nations related to it. There is no doubt that Australia possesses a threat from such decision of the US president still it is not going to affect that hard(Dav 2017). Conclusion After observing all the facts and the information, a detailed conclusion and a brief is provided here that will help the audience to understand more precisely about the topic. There is no doubt or a second thought that the United States of America has the most strongest and the powerful economy in the world and all the other economies are effected by any movement in the America economy, But it would be inappropriate to say that Australian economy is mostly and largely effected by the changes in the U.S economy. Australian has maintained its economy even when the most powerful nation was suffering from the worst recession in their history. The United States of America is said to be the global system of the economy and any change in its dollar rate, bonds, and shares will affect the economies of other countries positively or negatively. However as the time is passing each and every country is working in the direction of becoming self sufficient and to not to be dependent on other econo mies. Now in the modern times any changes of the international market hardly matters for the other countries. There may be some affects that can be seen in the economies after any change occurred in U.S economy but there wont be any big or significant change. Hence it is wrong to say that USAs real GDP has tendency to cause recession or expansion in Australia. References Adam, B 2014, 'Nations Wealth', Property Business, vol 3, no. 100, p. 20. Botha, B 2017, 'The Road of the country to success in economics', The Monthly Times of Economics, vol 5, no. 100, p. 50. Buck, H 2000, 'Commerce, trade Industries', Effective leaderships, vol 1, p. 1. Clarke, R 2014, 'Philosphers psychology in economics', RBA interests weekly, vol 27, no. 105, p. 52. Clinton, C 2016, 'Fed Rates', The world with no Economy, vol 1, no. 21, p. 20. Dav, A 2017, 'Macro-Economics In Our Daily Life', Business Property, vol 32, no. 100, p. 2. D'suza, K 2017, 'Global Rates', Understanding of the nations Economy , vol 1, no. 10, p. 15, viewed 9 june 2017, https://www.global-rates.com/interest-rates/central-banks/central-bank-america/fed-interest-rate.aspx. Eastwood, J 2012, 'the basics of the economics', Business of the world with times now, vol 1, no. 51, p. 12. Eban, A 2015, The worlds strongest economy, 2nd edn, GHCMT publishers, columbia. 'Fiscal policy and private investment expenditure: a study of Australia and the United States' 2012, Journal of Applied Economics, no. 2. Gomes, S 2017, 'Euro area structural reforms in times of a global crisis', Recent Journal of Macroeconomics. Harford, M 2011, The times of depression in an economy, 2nd edn, Harford Publications, townsville. Horton, M 2015, 'Fiscal Policy: Taking and Giving Away', FINANCE DEVELOPMENT JOURNAL. Krugman, D 2015, 'Economic crises', New York Business world, vol 5, no. 115, p. 4. machille, G 2015, Economy of the world, 5th edn, K.T Printing Press, Bath. Makin, T 2016, 'THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FEDERAL FISCAL POLICY: A REVIEW', Journal on Fiscal policy. Merkley, A 2015, 'Boards of governor of the Fedral Reserve System', Growth of Business , vol 9, no. 150, p. 5, viewed 5 Spetember 2017, https://www.federalreserve.gov/faqs/money_12848.htm. Mill, SG 2010, 'Monetary policy of Australia', in Kristine (ed.), Economics in depression era, 1st edn, K.Limestone Publishers, Concordia. Mrokgen, S 2015, The road to victory and to tackle the financial crises, 9th edn, Jesstory Publishers, New York. RBA 2017, Reserve Bank of Australia, viewed 5 July 2015, https://www.rba.gov.au/monetary-policy/about.html. Reserve Bank of Australia 2017, viewed September 2017, https://www.rba.gov.au/monetary-policy/about.html. Tah, K 2013, 'The Impact of Monetary and Fiscal Policies on Real Output: A Re-examination', Business and Economics Journal. Teshicia, B 2013, 'Economical reforms in a nation', Sunday Business times, vol 2, no. 99, p. 5. Tulip, P 2014, 'Fiscal Policy and the Inflation Target', Journal on Economics. Weber, E 2012, 'AUSTRALIAN FISCAL POLICY IN THE AFTERMATH OF THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS ', Economics Journ

Bubonic Plague Essay Example For Students

Bubonic Plague Essay Christians and Muslims both believed that the plague was sent by a higher power. Ironically, they both also believed that it was God sending a message to punish the people for what they had done wrong. During the time of the plague, many people could not understand where it came from. Initially people believed that it was caused by an alignment with planets. Some other theories were that the Jews came to poison the Christians, evil deamons were about in the towns, and the earth was letting out fumes. There must have been some other cause such as, for instance, the will of God, or corrupt humours and the badness of air and earth; although perhaps such poisonings, where they did occur, were a contributory factor. (251) Eventually, most religions settled on a common cause. God. Both Christians and Muslims alike felt that God was trying to punish them. Most people felt that it was God, upset from all of the sins committed. Muslims stated that It is punishment that God inflicts on whom he wills, but He has granted a modicum of clemency with respect to Believers. (253) The Christians had a like statement, claiming It should be known to all Christians that pestilence, and every other manifestation of Gods vengeance arises because of sin Pestilence arises from multitude a of sins, must most especially from swearing worthless, deceitful and meaningless oaths. (258). Although the real reason for the Plague is awfully unclear still to this day, people do know that it was spread by rats. The Christians and the Muslims believed that Gos was hurting them for betraying him.

Human Computer Interaction Essay Example

Human Computer Interaction Essay The study of how people interact with computers and to what extent computers are or are not developed for successful interaction with human beings. †¢What is HCI? â€Å"Human-computer interaction is a discipline concerned with the design, evaluation and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them† (ACM SIGCHI definition of HCI). †¢Creating usable systems (1) †¢ †¢HCI investigates interaction between †¢Human (1 user, a group, sequence of users) Computer (any computer big or small, process control, embedded, etc) †¢ †¢used to perform various tasks †¢ †¢in particular environments. †¢ †¢ †¢Creating usable systems (2) †¢The human factors †¦ †¢ †¢different users †¢different conceptions or mental models about their interactions †¢different ways of learning, keeping knowledge and skills †¢cultural and national differenc es †¢user preferences change as they gradually master new interfaces †¢Creating usable systems (3) †¢The computer factor †¦ †¢ †¢different devices †¢Smart phones, Touch Screen Kiosks, †¦ †¢different capabilities and limitations Computing power, Input/output devices, †¦ †¢different operating systems †¢user interface technology is changing rapidly †¢it offers new interaction possibilities to which previous research findings may not apply †¢Visual, Tactile, Gesture based, †¦Also read about  Knowledge of PC boot process†¢Creating usable systems (4) †¢What about the interaction? †¢ †¢Communication between user and computer †¢ †¢Direct interaction †¢Dialogue with feedback †¢Control throughout performance of the task †¢ †¢Indirect interaction †¢Batch processing †¢Intelligent sensors controlling the environment †¢Creating usable systems (5) †¢ â € ¢It aims to achieve 1. Usability (Useful, Usable, Used) 2. Safe 3. Effective 4. Efficient 5. Enjoyable system †¢ †¢ †¢Creating usable systems (6) †¢User compatibility †¢Product compatibility `†¢Task compatibility †¢Work flow compatibility †¢Consistency †¢Familiarity †¢Simplicity †¢Control †¢Creating usable systems (7)†¢HCI focuses on user needs by assessing interface design amp; implementation according to usability criteria. ? †¢Makes use of new, novel techniques amp; technologies. †¢ †¢It applies usability design principles to achieve more productive amp; usable systems and more satisfied users. †¢ †¢Creating usable systems (8) †¢EC Directive 90/270/EEC †¢ †¢Requires employers to ensure the following when designing, selecting, commissioning or modifying software: †¢ †¢suitable for the task †¢easy to use †¢where appropriate, adaptable to user’s kno wledge amp; experiences †¢Creating usable systems (9) †¢provides feedback on performance †¢displays information in a format amp; at a pace that is adapted to the user †¢It must conform to the principles of software ergonomics †¢(Ergonomics is the science that deals with the interaction between people/work/environment/psychology.It considers the functions of the human body in the design of tools, equipment, etc. ) †¢Designers amp; employers can no longer afford to ignore the user!! †¢Question †¦ †¢Have you ever used a system that exhibit good HCI with the users? †¢Give a few examples †¦ †¢What systems have you used that exhibit bad HCI with the users? †¢Name a few †¦ and why do you think they were bad? †¢ †¢Historical basis of HCI (1) †¢Second World War †¦ †¢Study of interaction between humans amp; machines in order to produce more effective weapons (Bletchley Park, Enigma, Colossus) †¢ †¢Ergonomic Research Society formed (1949) †¢ Research in Man-Machine Interaction began to spread †¢ †¢Historical basis of HCI (2) †¢Historical basis of HCI (3) †¢Historical basis of HCI (4) †¢Basic Interaction (1) †¢Graphical Objects †¢1963 (MIT) †¢Graphical Objects manipulated by a pointing device (light pen) †¢Objects could be selected, moved, resized, etc. †¢1966 (Imperial College, London) †¢Icons, Gesture Recognition, Dynamic Menus, etc. †¢1970 (XEROX PARC) †¢Object selection and manipulation †¢WYSIWYG †¢ †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Basic Interaction (2) †¢Mouse †¢1965 (Stanford Research Lab [SRI]) †¢Created to be a cheap replacement for light pens †¢1970 †¢Adopted at Xerox PARC †¢First appeared commercially as part of †¢The Xerox Star (1981), †¢The Apple Lisa (1982), †¢The Apple Macintosh (1984). †¢ †¢ †¢Basic Interaction (3) †¢Windows †¢1968 (Stanford Research Lab [SRI]) †¢1969 1974 (Xerox PARC) †¢Smalltalk System †¢1974 (MIT) †¢EMACS Text Editor †¢1981 (Xerox PARC) †¢The Cedar Window Manager †¢1981 Xerox Star †¢1982 Apple Lisa †¢1983 (Carnegie Mellon University funded by IBM)) †¢Andrew window manager †¢1984 Apple Macintosh †¢ †¢The early versions of the Star and Microsoft Windows were tiled, but eventually they supported overlapping windows like the Lisa and Macintosh. †¢ Applications (1)†¢Drawing programs †¢uses a mouse for graphics (1965) †¢uses a tablet (1971) †¢handling of lines and curves (1975) †¢Text Editing †¢first word processor with automatic word wrap, search amp; replace, user-definable macros, scrolling text, amp; commands to move, copy, and delete characters, words, or blocks of text (1962) †¢screen editing amp; formatting of arbitrary-sized strings with a lightpen (1967) †¢mouse-based edi ting (1968) †¢first WYSIWYG editor-formatter (1974) †¢Applications (2) †¢Spreadsheets †¢initial spreadsheet was VisiCalc (1977-8) for the Apple II †¢HyperText the idea where documents are linked to related documents (1945) †¢Ted Nelson coined the term hypertext (1965) †¢NLS system was one of the first on-line journals, and it included full linking of articles (1970) †¢HyperCard from Apple (1988) significantly helped to bring the idea to a wide audience†¢Tim Berners-Lee used the hypertext idea to create the World Wide Web in 1990 at the government-funded European Particle Physics Laboratory (CERN) †¢Mosaic, the first popular hypertext browser for the World-Wide Web †¢Eg: Cosmic Book †¢Applications (3) †¢Computer Aided Design (CAD) first CAD systems similar to drawing programs (1963) †¢pioneering work on interactive 3D CAD system (1963) †¢first CAD/CAM (manufacture) system in industry was probably General Motor s DAC-1 (about 1963) †¢ †¢Video Games †¢first graphical video game was probably SpaceWar (1962) †¢the first computer joysticks (1962) †¢early computer adventure game was created (1966) †¢first popular commercial game was Pong (about 1976). †¢Up ;amp; Coming Areas (1) †¢Gesture Recognition †¢first pen-based input device used light-pen gestures (1963) †¢first trainable gesture recognizer (1964) a gesture-based text editor using proof-reading symbols (1969) †¢gesture recognition has been used in commercial CAD systems since the 1970s †¢came to universal notice with the Apple Newton (1992)†¢Multi-Media †¢multiple windows with integrated text and graphics (1968) †¢Interactive Graphical Documents project was the first hypermedia system which used raster graphics and text (1979-1983) †¢Diamond project explored combining multimedia (text, spreadsheets, graphics, speech) (1982) †¢Up ;amp; Coming Areas (2) â € ¢3-D first system 3-D CAD system (1963) †¢first interactive 3-D system used for molecular modelling (1966) †¢the late 60s and early 70s saw the flowering of 3D raster graphics funded by the government †¢the military-industrial flight simulation work of the 60s 70s led the way to making 3-D real-time †¢Virtual Reality †¢original work on VR funded by Air Force (1965-1968) †¢study of force feedback, early research on head-mounted displays and on the DataGlove (1971) †¢Up ;amp; Coming Areas (3) †¢Computer Supported Cooperative Work remote participation of multiple people at various sites (1968)†¢Electronic mail, still the most widespread multi-user software, was enabled by the ARPAnet (1969) †¢and by the Ethernet from Xerox PARC (1973) †¢an early computer conferencing system (1975) †¢Natural language and speech †¢Speech synthesis †¢Speech recognition †¢HCI as a business necessity †¢Can the users be igno red? (Linux, Windows,†¦) †¢NO †¢HCI + Usability engineering are a crucial business necessity †¢Good Interface ;amp; Interaction Design should not †¢Be added after system is built Supporting users is an integral part of the design. To do this one must consider †¦ †¢International Standards in HCI and Ergonomics †¢User population is growing (size, diversity, etc. ) †¢Expanding awareness amongst users of what can be achieved †¢ †¢ †¢Case Study (1) †¢A mechanical syringe was once being developed. An input device had to be created in order to enter the injected dose. †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢Design such a device †¦ †¢Case Study (2) †¢A prototype was developed by the manufacturing company and demonstrated to the hospital staff.Happily they quickly noticed the potentially fatal flaw in its interface. †¢Case Study (3) †¢The doses were entered by a numeric keypad: an accidental keypress and the dose could be out by a factor of 10! The production version had individual increment/decrement buttons for each digit . †¢Safety-critical systems (1) †¢Poor designs †¢Very common in †¢Safety †¢Life-critical †¢Which all depend on computer-control †¢We need to understand why †¢Disasters †¢Accidents †¢Frustrations †¢happen? †¢Can you mention some examples? Safety-critical systems (2) †¢Computer failure hits post office Lancashire,  UK   Sep 5, 2006 A VILLAGE post office has been struck by a technical glitch, leaving customers unable to pay bills and collect benefits. Edgworth †¢999 Ambulance Computer Failure Putting Lives at Risk International News Service,  Australia   Aug 23, 2006 LIVES are being put at risk because of a crisis with London Ambulance Services computer-controlled 999 system. †¢US Department of Energy sponsors storage research CTR,  CA   20 hours ago The data storage institute will focus its efforts in three areas: collecting field data about computer failure rates and application behaviors, disseminating †¢ †¢Temporary failure hits Houston 911 center abc13. com,  TX   Sep 8, 2006 system. This past July, the Houston Emergency Center experienced a computer failure which knocked out the automated dispatch system. †¢Warning on need for super reserves The Australian,  Australia   Sep 10, 2006 must maintain 4 per cent of assets in liquid form to meet any immediate needs, rising from banking and operational risks, such as computer failure or staff †¢Book on IT debacles urges caution Stuff. co. nz,  New Zealand   Aug 27, 2006 That is the central theme of Dangerous Enthusiasms – E-Government, Computer Failure and Information System Development, a 160-page book just published by †¢Search is on for escaped McMinn inmates Chattanooga Times Free Press,   USA   Sep 8, 2006 A computer failure that left 225 inmates under supervision of just four corrections officers may have contributed to the 4:59 pm | Computers delay Charlotte flights Charlotte Observer,  NC   Sep 6, 2006 two dozen US Airways Express flights going in and out of Charlotte were canceled Wednesday after a thunderstorm in Ohio led to a computer failure that affected †¢ Homes facing night without water BBC News,  UK   Aug 20, 2006 and Powys. The Pant storage tank ran dry after the water firm was not alerted to the problem because of a computer failure. She †¢Safety-critical systems (3)†¢Air-traffic control †¢Aircraft crash due to problems pilot had to interpret information on cockpit display †¢ †¢Manned spacecraft On June 4, 1996, the maiden flight of the European Ariane 5 launcher crashed about 40 seconds after takeoff. Media reports indicated that the amount lost was half a billion dollars. The error came from a piece of the software that was not needed during the crash!! †¢ †¢Safety-critical systems (4) †¢Nuclear power plant (The Meltdown at Three Mile Island 1979) †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"As alarms rang and warning lights flashed, the operators did not realize that the plant was experiencing a loss-of-coolant accident. They took a series of actions that made conditions worse by simply reducing the flow of coolant through the core. †¢Medical Institutions †¢Break down in the scheduling system led to delays in reaching seriously ill patients. (UK) †¢Disaster examples †¢1988 †¢USS Vincennes shot down an Iran Air A300 Airbus with 290 people aboard†¢Aegis weapon system had †¢Sophisticated software to identify potential threats †¢BUT †¢Was unable to provide up-to-date altitude information on its large display (this could be read from other screens) †¢In the confusion, the Airbus which leveled off at 12,500 feet was taken to be an F-14 fighter descending to attack! †¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœUser Hostile’ example Poor HCI can lead to User Hostile systems rather than User Friendly ones †¦ †¢ †¢John has a stereo system with a matched set of components made by the same manufacturer: a receiver, a CD player, and a cassette deck, stacked in that order. They all have the on/off button on the left side. Every time John goes to turn off all three components, he presses the top left button on the receiver, which turns it off; then he presses the top left button on the CD player, which turns it off; then, naturally, he presses the top left button on the cassette deck which pops open the cassette door. It’s obvious †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢It seems obvious that the manufacturer could have improved the interface †¢putting all three buttons in the same location †¢ †¢But it clearly wasnt obvious to the systems designers!! †¢ †¢Most actions used to accomplish tasks with an interface are quite obvious to people who know them, including, of course, the software designer. But the actions are often not obvious to the first-time user. †¢Another example †¦ †¢Imagine a first-time user of a computer 1. he has been shown how to login to the system 2. has done some work 3. is now finished with the computer for the day ? Experienced computer users will find it obvious that a logout command is needed. †¢ †¢But it may not occur to first-time users that a special action is required to end the session. †¢People dont log out of typewriters or televisions or video games, so why should they log out of computers? †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Learning to predict problems like these by taking the users point of view is a skill that requires practice. †¢Who studies HCI? (1) †¢Multi-discipline field †¦ †¢ †¢Who studies HCI? (2) †¢Conclusion (1) †¢HCI studies †¢ †¢Interaction between users amp; computer systems †¢ †¢In order to build systems which are: Usable †¢Safe †¢Efficient †¢Effective †¢Enjoyable †¢Conclusion (2) †¢Important points to keep in mind †¦ †¢ 1. You need a lot of common sense 2. You must be ready to accept criticism 3. Think ‘user’ 4. Try it out (They know what they want! ) 5. Involve the users 6. Iterate †¢ †¢ †¢Exercise †¢If we take a toaster †¢Describe: †¢the users the machine seems to be designed for; †¢the tasks and subtasks the machine was evidently designed to support; †¢the interface part of the machine; †¢the part of the machine that is NOT the interface. †¢ †¢What about an electric drill

Brevity of human life Essays

Brevity of human life Essays Brevity of human life Paper Brevity of human life Paper Many of the writers in this anthology use poetry to examine the idea of the brevity of human life, but they treat this idea in very different ways. The brevity of life is a theme often explored, not only through poetry, but in day to day life. For many years people have been engaging with the idea that life is simply too short to waste, that each mans life is but a breath and in fact pales in comparison to the wonder of nature. A fine example of a poem which considers the succinctness of life is Andrew Marvells To His Coy Mistress. This poem straight away engages with the theme; time, and examines the brevity of human life with an argument to seize the day. The poem is written to his lover in an attempt to show her that life is too short to waste and to convince her to give up her long preserved virginity. The poem is divided into three verses: in the first verse, the poet uses hyperbole to enact the proposition that literary lovers should waste time conversing and in admiring each other in exotic surroundings; Thou by the Indian Ganges side shouldst rubies find, this, juxtaposed with Humber, in his banal hometown of Yorkshire, highlights that the narrative is in fact intended to be humorous and should not be taken wholly seriously, which is reinforced by the regular rhythm and rhyme. Marvells hyperboles gradually escalate throughout the first verse, climaxing in extravagant claims that he will love her ten years before the flood, effectively revealing to the reader that he strongly believes that time should not, and will not, limit his ability to love and be loved, and, as his hyperboles increase, so does his vegetable love. The second stanza shifts from a blazon approach to the carpe diem argument. There is a clear sense of urgency; he feels that time is constantly running out, which is signified by his lack of hyperbole, instead opting for more quick paced, uncontrived statements such as thy beauty shall no more be found, reinforcing this constant idea that each day wasted is simply one day closer to death; that they should not waste their time engaging in mere conversation, keeping her long preserved virginity when time is not on their side. Again, the image of time is present here; And yonder all before us lie Deserts of vast eternity, but rather than an idyllic life, it is a negative, lifeless eternity, this rejection of the afterlife widely represents the increasing religious scepticism at the time. The final stanza reverts back to the theme of the first, only this time referring to the incomprehensible movements of heaven, which, according to Marvell, can be changed by him and his lover, intent that they need not fall victims to the predator that is time, but instead hunt it down like amorous birds of prey. This stanza introduces the first real example of passion; And while thy willing soul transpires At every pore with instant fires, with his speech becoming much more positive and the threats of the second stanza seem to disappear, further adding to this urgent, almost frenzied, attitude; desperately trying to convince his lover that if they unite they can break through the gates of time; devouring time rather than let it devour them. The poem is written in rhyming couplets throughout, which is a key feature of the poem as it further emphasises Marvells urgency throughout the poem; trying to convince the woman he loves that, although they cannot make the sun stand still, they can indeed still make him run. Despite Marvells obvious disdain for the inevitable fact that time will eventually overcome them, he turns this around and instead uses the concept of time to praise and flatter her; A hundred years should go to praise Thine eyes, and on thy forehead gaze, Two hundred to adore each breast, But thirty thousand to the rest; An age at least to every part, And the last age should show your heart. On the surface, To His Coy Mistress could be construed as a shallow poem about a man simply trying to seduce his mistress, however, the underlying message is made clear through Marvells witty parody of conventional structure, combined with his hyperbole and imagery, that he is convincing his lover that life is short, and it is better to enjoy each day as it comes rather than let yourself fall victim to time.

Handling the Different Creative Thinking Obstacles in Life Personal Statement

Handling the Different Creative Thinking Obstacles in Life Successfully - Personal Statement Example I realized this particular matter when I joined several group activities that required me to utilize creative thinking as a major skill that would display the fact that I am indeed learning from all the lessons that I receive from school. Being in an educational group, the author of this paper particularly felt the need to be a major contributor to the progress of the major discussions of the class as well as to the success of every activity that is being managed by the educator. It could be observed that through this grouping, the author learns how to improve the way that he listens, how he observes and how he interacts as well as participate within the group discussions. It could be noted that it is through this that the author learns how to establish camaraderie with his group mates and thus be able to be of good use and contributor to the progress of the entire class. Learning has been a great part of this particular progress on the part of the author. It is undeniable that being a part of this group made the author a more reliable individual in terms of group project implementations. Aside from this, it is undeniable that the author too has understood the importance of team work. Humans are significantly made with personal and innate characteristics in them that are completely different and apart from the others. This idea is mainly because of the certain fact that human beings have their own characteristics of uniqueness and individuality. Thus, human beings become existent in their own personal sense with their own identity differing them from others at some point in their innate qualities. In same manner, cultures and social values are also created and develop with likeness to the concept of individuality and uniqueness since they are created by human beings themselves. Social groups of relative similarities functioned and develop them own system of values and accordance making them united in their own concept and apart from the other social groups. Thus with this concept, cultural diversity has predominantly existed as how society themselves strive and develop to the point of their current state. However, this innate and basically natural concept in the society has been always a massive hindrance for the establishment of social unity and uniformity especially on the principal level of a team. Since the team-building concept's main agenda is the establishment of a uniting factor and bond among its members, their own personal and cultural diversity has always been a challenge for the said aim. Common problems and challenges such as uniqueness in the dominant language, dissimilarities with social norms and acceptable principles, differences concerning perception and opinions, and others often become a problem in the team-building aspect. In general, diversity produces stratification and division thus unification is being hindered. Indeed, cultural diversity in the aspect of team building is one of its main weaknesses. However, cultural diversity in a certain team can also serves as its potential strength producing advantages apart from its common

Formal report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Formal report - Assignment Example This study was limited to the evaluation of the effectiveness of Ace distributors’ salespeople. This study was also restricted to dealers operating in three major retail areas, including New York, Chicago, and Dallas. These dealers were selected randomly, and included those from the five leading brands of television in the country, including Todd Manufacturing Company; Apco, Incorporated: Davis Manufacturing Company; and Barr Industries, Incorporated, and Ace Manufacturing. This study may be limited through the insufficient time for doing the work. The scope of this study was wide; hence sufficient time was required for accurate completion of the study. In addition, the topic of study was wide; hence the aspect of subjectivity might have been introduced in the study, and some areas in the scope of the study might have been left out. Furthermore, this study adopted the use of questionnaires as the main data collection instrument in conducting the survey. Since questionnaires must generally be brief, areas that may have influenced effectiveness of distributors’ salespeople may not have been included in the questionnaire. The main goal of this report is to show the effectiveness of Ace distributors’ salespeople. It has become important for the company to launch investigations into the effectiveness of the salespeople, owing to the poor performance of the company in the last three years. Prior to these last three years, the company Ace Manufacturing ranked the top in all the five leading home television brands in the country. However, in the last three years, the performance of this company has dropped, as it currently ranks at position three. The sales activities of a company are key to its performance in the market. On the other hand, the salespeople involved with a company’s sales of products have a direct

Macroeconomic theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Macroeconomic theory - Essay Example One consistent theme that emerges from current research is that the growth of real income and the overall macroeconomic stability - both internal and external - are mutually interdependent and both form an integral part of an adequate, consistently sustained process of economic development. The simple policy rules that follow are: This paper will attempt to address the second question, i.e. what distinguishes the countries that followed the optimal policy mix and hence succeeded from those which did not. Perhaps it is useful at this juncture to refer to the experience of the successful countries of Asia. Clearly the vast majority of developing economies have failed to lift their economic growth and living standard compared with a small group of Asian economies which excelled. In little over two decades the dynamic Asian economies were able to catch up their former colonial masters while others stagnated. Two distinguishing economic features of these successful economies stand out: The neo-classical economists... Two distinguishing economic features of these successful economies stand out: * openness or "neutral" trade regime; and * active government intervention. The neo-classical economists (e.g. Balassa, 1968; Bhagwati, 1978; Krueger, 1978; Little, 1979) emphasize the role of openness. On the other hand, there is a body of literature (e.g. Amsden, 1989; Lee, 1992; Sach, 1987; Wade, 1990) which emphasizes the role active government intervention played in achieving late industrialization. While both have some elements of truth, over-emphasis of one or the other misses important issues. For example, the neo-classical economists are at unease with the co-existence of high import protection with export orientation, and active government non-price interventions with market-oriented policies in some of these economies. On the other hand, the "statists" explanation of why in these economies state interventions did not go fatally wrong as in other developing countries depends crucially on the state being "strong". More fundamentally, though, they cannot explain how a "strong" state emerges, and why some strong dictators (e.g. Marcos or Idi Amin) did not maintain macroeconomic stability and wrecked their economies. One important shortcoming of both explanations is an inadequate focus on institutions. None of these approaches takes into account the formal and informal constraints and rigidities in which policy making occurs. This chapter reflects on institutional frameworks that are likely to induce optimal macroeconomic policy response by the government. Institutions and organizations Nobel Laureate economist, Douglas North (1990, p. 4) defines institutions as "any form of

The Biomass Power Plants Environmental Sciences Essay

The Biomass Power Plants Environmental Sciences Essay Biomass is claimed to be the fourth largest energy resource in the world after oil, coal and gas and biomass power plants are becoming one of the most promising alternatives to the established power generation technologies based on fossil fuels. Biomass is defined as any organic material derived from plants, available on a sustainable basis. Generally identified as feedstocks, these materials include: wood, from forestry trimmings or wood processing systems; energy crops, which are crops grown exclusively for energy purposes; agricultural residues; municipal waste such as waste paper, cardboard or food waste; and also animal waste from farms and animal processing industries. The production of electricity from biomass is described as a carbon neutral technology because the carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere when plant material is burnt or decomposed during the electricity generation process, is then absorbed again by new growing plant material. This process maintains the atmospheric CO2 levels and is known as carbon cycle. There are currently two main processes used in power plants for the production of electricity from biomass: and they are direct combustion and gasification [2]. Direct combustion is essentially the incineration of dry biomass in the presence of air to produce heat. Gasification is the thermo-chemical transformation of biomass into a combustible gas which is called syngas (synthesis gas) and is a combination of principally carbon monoxide and hydrogen. This process occurs at high temperature (700Â °C to 1000Â °C) in the presence of a limited amount of oxygen [3]. The heat produced by direct biomass combustion can be used to generate electricity using a steam turbine in the same way as in a coal-fired power plant. The biomass material is collected, taken to the power station and then burnt in the boiler. The heat from burning the biomass is used to boil water which generates steam that rotates the turbines. The turbines are connected to generators where the mechanical energy is converted to electrical energy. Plants designed for working just with biomass are called dedicated biomass power plants. However, biomass combustion can be combined with coal combustion in existing coal-fired power plants. This process is called co-firing and is one of the most profitable ways of transforming biomass into electricity because it makes use of the infrastructure of the coal plant and therefore it reduces the total investment. Co-firing power plants can be designed under three concepts: direct, where biomass and coal are mixed and burnt in the same boiler; indirect, where biomass is first gasified before the combustion with coal in the boiler; or parallel, where biomass and coal are burnt in separate boilers and the processes are connected on the steam side [4]. In efficiency calculations, the scale of operation is a very important factor. In systems producing from 10MW to 50 MW, the efficiency is in the range of 18% to 33% [5]. The maximum efficiencies could reach about 45% in large scale plants producing more than 100 MW [6][7]. In co-firing plants, efficiency of 39% can be reached [8]. Biomass gasification process can be couple with a conventional combined-cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plant to produce electricity. Biomass feedstock is first dried and then injected into the gasifier. The resulting biogas is purified in a cleaning system and from there the procedure is the same as in a natural gas power plant [9]. To produce from 10 kW to 10 MW, biogas produced in the gasification process can also be used in combustion engines with efficiency of 30% 35% [10]. At larger scales (>20 MW), where gasification-based systems are coupled with combined cycle gas turbines the efficiency increases up to about 45% [11]. There are two others processes which can be used to produce electricity from biomass but they are not commercially developed: pyrolysis and anaerobic digestion. Pyrolysis is a thermo-chemical decomposition of organic material at high temperatures (325Â °C to 500Â °C) similar to gasification but in this case there is no presence of oxygen. This process generates combustible gas and liquid products that could be used in power generation units or upgraded to transport fuel [12]. A carbon-rich residue called biochar is also produced from pyrolysis, and one of the important aspects of biochar is that it is a natural fertiliser that can be used to improve soils quality, which can potentially increase energy crop productivity. The second one, anaerobic digestion, is a natural biochemical process in which the biomass material is broken down by microorganisms in a environment with no air, to produce biogas, which is mainly a mixture of around 60% methane and 40% carbon dioxide. This process can be applied to wet biomass, municipal or animal waste to produce power generation on site [13]. There are a number of technologies that support the different methods for converting biomass material into electricity, which include: drying, pelletisation, briquetting, cleaning and lately carbon capture and storage. Drying is fundamental because in order to increase the energy density of biomass feedstocks, their moisture content needs to be reduced ( Pelletisation and briquetting are technologies to compact feedstocks mechanically, very useful for their transportation and management. Pelletisation is used for example to compress low quality wood, and agricultural residues are compacted through briquetting process [14]. The gas obtained from gasification contains impurities and particulates that need to be removed before using it in power plants, because these contaminants can cause erosion and corrosion in the gas turbine components, and decrease the strength of the system. Conventional methods for removing contaminants from biogas are typically based on physical cleaning processes at low temperatures ( Combining biomass power plants with carbon capture and storage processes (BECCS) to provide negatives emissions [15] is a new approach. When the CO2 emitted during biomass electricity generation is captured and stored, new growing plant material will absorb CO2 from the atmosphere reducing the current high level concentrations. The key advantage of power generation from biomass is that it is based on a CO2 neutral process and it can be a clean and reliable power source if sufficient feedstocks are available. It is also a way to utilise waste materials that otherwise would represent environmental risks. Biomass electricity deployment has also a significant social and economic impact because it can create employment in the agricultural and forestry sector, benefiting rural communities and in general developing countries which economies are based on agriculture [16]. The expansion of biomass power generation faces several challenges such as high costs, low conversion efficiency and availability of biomass material [17]. As any new technology, biomass power generation currently requires financial support which make it less commercially competitive compared to fossil fuel based electricity. Biomass electricity production will depend also on technology improvements in order to increase efficiencies at small and large scale. Major concerns are associated to biomass production (intensive farming, biodiversity conservation) and competition for land with food production. Energy from biomass has been used since fire was discovered from the combustion of wood, and before the industrial revolution wood was used for all of our energy needs. However In 1890 coal began to displace wood used in steam power generation. During the 1980s decades, high prices of oil and the instability caused by the dependence on foreign fossil fuels created new interest in biomass energy in several countries, especially in North America. A large biomass power industry rapidly developed in California, who had 850 MW of installed biomass power capacity by 1985. Due to concerns about greenhouse gases emissions and global warming, governments took a greater interest in using biomass as a renewable and clean alternative to produce electricity. Currently most biomass electricity generation is based on direct combustion in dedicated and co-firing steam power plants. Electricity supply from biomass has augmented gradually since 2000, and in 2010 biomass provided 1.5% of world electricity production approximately. Although biomass power generation is still stronger in developed countries, China and Brazil are also becoming important electricity producers in particular from agricultural residues thanks to support programmes. The models established in these China and Brazil could become a viable way to encourage electricity generation from biomass in other developing countries with similar conditions [18]. According to the International Energy Agency [19], world electricity generation from biomass will multiply by more than 10 times from around 280 TWh in 2010 to 3100 TWh in 2050 and could provide around 7.5% of world electricity generation. China will become the major producer of bioenergy electricity with 920 TWh, above OECD Americas (520 TWh) and OEDC Europe (370 TWh) which will also increase their generation levels.

Survival Processing Essay -- Sociology

Numerous studies have shown the human mind has a heightened ability to encode information relevant to our survival. During the standard paradigm used for proving a basis for survival processing, participants were instructed to imagine themselves in an unknown grassland without access to basic needs (Kostic, McFarlan, & Cleary, 2012). The subjects were then asked to rate a list of items based on how useful they would be given the survival scenario (Kostic et al., 2012). Following a short delay, the participants were then asked to recall or recognize items, which had previously been presented (Kostic et al., 2012). Based on the findings researchers were able to conclude words pertaining to our survival are better retained then words that are not, even when the survival scenario was changed to various situations such as a bank robbery (Kang, McDermott & Cohen, 2008), a vacation scene (Nairne, & Pandeirada, 2008), or survival in a large city setting (Nairne & Pandeirada, 2010). Although recent research has been able to clearly define what survival processing is there are more aspects, which have been explored and investigated which will be discussed within the confines of this paper. The two main areas that will be focused on are the mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon and some of its limitations; a conclusion will then be drawn on future directions of study within this topic. It could be assumed face perception would fit the criteria of important survival information and thus the advantages of survival processing would also be in effect. Yet a study conducted by Savine, Scullin and Roediger (2011) looked at survival processing in relation to faces to test if this was a limitation of this type of processing. Researchers cond... ... Cognition, 33(2), 263-273. Nairne, J. S., & Pandeirada, J. S. (2008). Adaptive memory: Remembering with a stone-age brain. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17, 239–243. Nairne, J. S., & Pandeirada, J. S. (2010). Adaptive memory: Ancestral priorities and the mnemonic values of survival processing. Cognitive Psychology, 61(1), 1-22. Savine, A. C., Scullin, M. K., & Roediger, H. (2011). Survival processing of faces. Memory & Cognition, 39(8), 1359-1373. Smeets, T., Otgaar, H., & Raymaekers, L. (2012). Survival processing in times of stress. Psychon Bull Rev, 19, 113-118. Tse, C., & Altarriba, J. (2010). Does survival processing enhance implicit memory?. Memory & Cognition, 38(8), 1110-1121. Weinstein, Y., Bugg, J. M., & Roediger, H. (2008). Can the survival recall advantage be explained by basic memory processes?. Memory & Cognition, 36(5), 913-919.

Licensed Practical Nurse Essay

License Practical Nurse (LPN), work under the directions of registered nurses and doctors. LPN are Certified healthcare professionals that are responsible for helping and providing basic care to patients. They work in a variety of different setting, hospital, care facilities, and nursing homes. To become a LPN you would need a High School Diploma, or a GED. You would have to take your Pre Entrance Examination that would cover your basic subject like your maths, and general skills. Before you start the LPN programs you also would need your Pre Requisite. You must complete a Practical Nurse Program and pass the National Council Licensure of State Board Nursing (NCLEX-PN) exam to be certified and receive your licensure. You must be patients at all times, have good communication skills and flexibility. To interact as a health-care professional, interface with registered nurses and doctors, to perform physical assessments and to work as a team. LPN work 40 plus hours a week, on different shifts, weekends, morning, or nights and Holidays. You have to be able to stand for a long period of time. The average salary for a LPN in New Orleans is$38,115 to $41,681 per years. I reason why i pick LPN to be my next career because i just thought it was the next stepping stone for me, i already have my Clinical Medical Assistant Certificate so i thought i just could work my way up, and to stay in the healthcare/medical field, i will always have something to fallback on just in case i wanted to go back to school for something else, so i can work and attend college. I also like helping people each any every way i can, I think its a good career for me because i have a few experiences and good people skills.

Free Essays on Reasons For College

A college education and degree can open up many doors in a person’s life and career choices. In a person’s life there are many important factors, a college degree is one of them. There are many reasons why a person should attend college. College is a big learning experience for a person. A college degree can help you prepare for a particular area of work and path you will like to choose. Since college degrees are needed in most areas of work without a college degree it’s most likely a person would not be able to pursue a career in that area they are interested in. Most jobs look to see if you have a college career first. College can help expand a person’s knowledge in different areas which may be needed later on in life. Also People that have obtained a college degree are more likely to be employed and receive higher pay than a person without a college degree. College can help a person learn about their strengths, weaknesses and things that interest them in the field of careers and jobs. College can help someone can help someone learn about certain talents they might have not knew they had. It can also show a person what â€Å"the real world† may be like, and a person may have to go through. It can help a person become mature and take on bigger responsibilities in the near future. Another reason for attending college may be to be a role model and to influence family members and friends. If a person has certain goals they would like to achieve in life, college may help them achieve them. College teaches a person how to be ready for life and work. Also by completing college and earning a degree it can give a person pride feeling they have accomplished such a big task. College can also be considered fun for a person. With college people can meet new, different people, and make new friends. A person will have to do a lot of socializing... Free Essays on Reasons For College Free Essays on Reasons For College A college education and degree can open up many doors in a person’s life and career choices. In a person’s life there are many important factors, a college degree is one of them. There are many reasons why a person should attend college. College is a big learning experience for a person. A college degree can help you prepare for a particular area of work and path you will like to choose. Since college degrees are needed in most areas of work without a college degree it’s most likely a person would not be able to pursue a career in that area they are interested in. Most jobs look to see if you have a college career first. College can help expand a person’s knowledge in different areas which may be needed later on in life. Also People that have obtained a college degree are more likely to be employed and receive higher pay than a person without a college degree. College can help a person learn about their strengths, weaknesses and things that interest them in the field of careers and jobs. College can help someone can help someone learn about certain talents they might have not knew they had. It can also show a person what â€Å"the real world† may be like, and a person may have to go through. It can help a person become mature and take on bigger responsibilities in the near future. Another reason for attending college may be to be a role model and to influence family members and friends. If a person has certain goals they would like to achieve in life, college may help them achieve them. College teaches a person how to be ready for life and work. Also by completing college and earning a degree it can give a person pride feeling they have accomplished such a big task. College can also be considered fun for a person. With college people can meet new, different people, and make new friends. A person will have to do a lot of socializing...

Feel the Beat essays

Feel the Beat essays Strobe lights flash to a pounding beat. The same beat brings hands flying through the sky and make bodies shake. A video screen plays a scene of a black and white swirl, rippling to the tempo of the music, bending the minds of all who stand still enough to watch. The scene is a rave, one of the many forms of live music that is enjoyed around the world by people of all ages. There is nothing more incredible than being in the moshpit of a Slayer concert, nearly fearing for the lives of the people involved, or watching the scene described above develop and go on for hours upon hours, the kids never getting tired. Live music is a fun and exciting way to release energy, and a great source of income for musicians, and because of that, there is more live music available to kids, especially here in the Bay Area, than ever before. By the time most people are in college, they have experienced some form of live music, some more than others. Some people make it their passion or by becoming involved in the performance of music, are at concerts all the time. There are concerts locally for as little as two dollars, and a recent two day festival in the Coachella Valley charged one-hundred and forty dollars to attend both days. Even more ridiculous was Sir Paul McCartney, who fetched four-hundred big ones for a less than decent seat on his recent stop in Oakland. If a person is content with a small scale performance, live music is available to anyone and everyone. The more outrageous ticket prices are in part due to the monopolization of the venues, ticketing companies, and advertising platforms. A company called Clear Channel, owned by Viacom Entertainment, owns a large number of Bay Area venues, Bay Area billboards, Bay Area radio stations, and works hand in hand with the two largest ticketing companies in th e area, Ticketmaster and Tickets.com. There are few ways around paying whatever Clear Channel asks for their ticke ...

Deaf reading reaction Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Deaf reading reaction - Coursework Example As such, I get to understand the challenges that those with hearing abilities suffer when it comes to acquiring knowledge and skills in various fields. Despite the conventional belief that deaf education could have been developed long ago in the United States, I was surprised to learn from the article that this is not the case. The author states that policy makers in the developed countries are still struggling to come to terms with provision of deaf education â€Å"†¦.in the New World were still struggling to come to terms with views about deaf children and learning† (Lang 13). This is contrary to the general belief that deaf education could be highly developed in most developed countries due to advancement in technology in these countries. The article, moreover, brings out the weaknesses that exist in the current education curriculum. Here, the author says that the curriculum focus has mainly been â€Å"on active learning and articulation across grades† (Lang 16). This hence leaves out the special needs of the deaf. Furthermore, the article offers vital information by evaluating the critical roles played by parents in the provision of deaf education. The child-parent relationship greatly enhances the learning process. More so, the article examines the achievements made, so far, in the provision of deaf education. Apparently, despite all the challenges encountered, so much has been achieved since the realization of the need to offer special education to the deaf. In conclusion, I would recommend policy makers in the education sector to read the article as it provides useful insights on the growth of deaf education. It is also imperative for researchers to use the article as it lays a firm foundation on future studies on deaf

Mongol People Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mongol People - Essay Example The culture of the Mongol allows them to marry off their daughters to other clans and the parents were the ones to arrange for the marriage. The parents always ask for gifts before the wedding and during the wedding, the Buddhist seek heavenly protection by reading the scripture (Newworldencyclopedia.org). The Mongolians are also singing communities who like to sing echoing songs. The Mongol people also practice dancing. The saber, Ordos and Andai dances are famous around the world.The Mongol people are governed by their imperial court of dynasty. The rulers inflict punishment on the wrong doers. The punishment was through possession of the herds of the wrong doer and the repossession of the lands they own.The Mongol people are also good at writing and translation skills. Most of the grammar books, dictionaries and translated history books about Mongolia were done by the Mongol people themselves (Newworldencyclopedia.org).ReligionMongolians main religion is Lamaism, the yellow sect o f the Buddhism. Shamanism was the earlier main religion, but recently Lamaism is considered their main religion because it pushed the male Mongols to be monks than the warriors in earlier periods. During the period of conversion to Lamaism, every family is supposed to provide one son to be raised to be a lama.Medicine and health careMongols have been using acupuncture, massages, and herbal medicine to treat most of the diseases among their people. Kublai Khan was born in the year 1912 in Mongolia in the country of china.

Dimensions of Health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dimensions of Health - Essay Example Even with ongoing debate for and against the definition proposed by WHO, it is clear from this definition that health is an entity with multiple dimensions. This definition envisages three specific dimensions, the physical, mental, and social. These dimensions appear separate, but in reality, they are dynamic and interact with each other. Human behaviour is a common theme in human health. Human behaviour is the resultant of physical and mental factors interacting in complicated ways. The broad categories of factors that may influence individual health behaviour include knowledge, beliefs, values, attitudes, skills, finance, time, and many others. It is important to give serious considerations to the social context, a particular behaviour occurs. Health behaviour refers to those activities that an individual undertakes to avoid disease. These behaviours are dependent on the environmental contexts as well as on emotions and feelings. Most importantly, health behaviour depends on the he alth needs (Hawks et al., 2008, 319-324). Attitudes are acquired characteristics of an individual that are considered to be more or less permanent ways of behaving. An attitude contains three components, a cognitive or knowledge element, an affective or feeling element, and a tendency to action. Thus attitude can be defined as a relatively enduring organization of beliefs around an object, subject, or concept that predisposes to a response in a preferential manner. Most human beings learn attitudes from social interactions, and once they are formed, it is very difficult to change. In the recent time, attitudes are being recognized as very important determinants of health behaviours, and consequently, psychologists and health care professionals are increasingly dwelling on attitude surveys and attitude measurements, since it is becoming clear that healthy attitudes gravitate from parents, teachers, religious leaders, and elders (Nielsen et al., 2004, 28-32). The beliefs and attributions that people hold can influence their health. This can influence health by affecting their behaviour such as food habits and by a direct influence on the physiological system. Although these two modes are not mutually exclusive for the patient, and there is another set of health beliefs and attributions from the health professionals that can affect the health of individuals. These beliefs may influence health decisions and also influence patients' cognitions. Healthcare professionals may influence the beliefs and attributions, hence behaviour of patients by giving them information and through expression of their beliefs about the patient's health and the best way to overcome a particular health problem. Hence health professionals' beliefs about a disease and its management are large factors in influencing the values of the patients and their approaches to the management of illness (O'hea et al., 2005, 705-717). Values are traits such as honesty, loyalty, intelligence, or talent. This is a set of instrumental values. The other conceptions of values as traits include instrumental and expressive tendencies. Values have also been defined as need strengths including achievement, affiliation, and dominance. The contemporary values point towards a person's value-directed preference for quality rather than quantity of life. The values ascertain the strength of

Grammar school Essay Example for Free

Grammar school Essay Intoduction Education in its general sense is a form of learning in which the knowledge, skills, and habits of a group of people are transferred from one generation to the next through teaching, training, or research. Education frequently takes place under the guidance of others, but may also be autodidactic Any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts may be considered educational. A right to education has been created and recognized by some jurisdictions: Since 1952, Article 2 of the first Protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights obliges all signatory parties to guarantee the right to education. It does not however guarantee any particular level of education of any particular quality. There are three forms of learning defined by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD): formal education, education and non-formal education. Systems of schooling involve institutionalized teaching and learning in relation to a curriculum, which itself is established according to a predetermined purpose of the schools in the system. Schools systems are sometimes also based on religions, giving them different curricula. In formal education, a curriculum is the set of courses and their content offered at a school or university. As an idea, curriculum stems from the Latinword for race course, referring to the course of deeds and experiences through which children grow to become mature adults. A curriculum is prescriptive, and is based on a more general syllabus which merely specifies what topics must be understood and to what level to achieve a particular grade or standard. An academic discipline is a branch of knowledge which is formally taught, either at the university–or via some other such method. Each discipline usually has several sub-disciplines or branches, and distinguishing lines are often both arbitrary and ambiguous. Examples of broad areas of academic disciplines include the natural sciences, mathematics, computer science, social sciences, humanities and applied sciences. Educational institutions may incorporate fine arts as part of K-12 grade curricula or within majors at colleges and universities as electives. The various types of fine arts are music, dance, and theater. Enrolment is the total number of students properly registered and/or attending classes at a school. Every year or every school year the different schools were increasing the total number of students who were officially enrolled in their school. We need to be enrolled so that we will be indicated in the master list of enrollees and for us also to be officially enrolled in such institution. ADVANTAGE * Convenience is one of the major advantages of online schools. It allows students to work and learn at their own pace without the unyielding time restrictions of traditional schools. Online schools provide access to learning materials at anytime. This allows students the flexibility to schedule their learning around families, jobs and other activities. Another major advantage of learning from an online school is the accessibility it provides. Students can learn from anywhere in the world. This is an especially important benefit for students who wish to study in a different country. It also allows students to travel without the repercussions of being absent from school * Provide HR personnel and employees access to benefits information around-the-clock * Reduce administrative tasks and eliminate paper-based processes * Grant employees instant access to benefits elections through online confirmation statements * Review data and statistics about employee enrollment activity through reporting capabilities DISADVANTAGE: There are some disadvantages that are associated with the online ordering system. One is that of you do not have access to the Internet you cannot order. The other one is that you may be ripped off. * Being a successful student at an online school requires self-discipline. This is a disadvantage for students who have difficulty with time management and procrastination. While being able to set your own schedule can be an advantage, it can also be a disadvantage. Some students need the structure of traditional schools. Another disadvantage of online schools is the technology involved. It just isnt available to everyone. The world is rapidly becoming more and more connected by modern technology, but some people still do not have ready access to a computer and Internet connection. And many of those who do have the required equipment are too intimidated by it to take advantage of online schools. Learning through online schools restricts interaction between teacher and student. This is a disadvantage for those students who need the immediate feedback that such interaction provides. REFERENCES: http://www. ask. com/web? qsrc=1o=102140l=dirq=disadvantage+of+online+enrolment+system http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Enrollment http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Education http://www. ask. com/web? qsrc=1o=102140l=dirq=advantage+of+online+enrolment+system Answer: Education is a process of human growth by which one gains greater understanding and control over oneself and one’s world. It involves our minds, our bodies, and our relations with the people and the world around us. Education is also characterized by continuous development and change. The end product of the process of education is learning. Schooling is a specific, formalized process, usually focused on the young, and whose general pattern traditionally has varied little from one setting to the next. 2. Describe how school function as transmitter and re-creators of culture. Answer: Teachers design the classroom so that the Americans and Hispanic cultures are honored and children learn to operate effectively in both languages. American cultures have always embraced many cultures. Nevertheless a primary responsibility of the school is to assist foreign born students in the acquisition. 3. Describe how schools can operate as vehicle for social, democratic, and economic reconstruction. Answer: Social deconstructionists – proponent of the theory of education that schools and teachers need to engage in the reconstructing and reforming of society to eradicate its ills and shortcomings. Economic reconstructionists- subscribers to an educational perspective or motivational that focuses on developing students who take critical stances toward the dominant social and economic status quo. 4. Identify the four basic purpose of school. A. Intellectual purpose- promote academic learning, B. Political and civic- purposes help the students to learn how to govern themselves wisely and justly. C. Economic purpose schools will prepare students for the future. D. Social purpose- adapt to social expectations. 5. Explain why students in elementary classrooms learn to deny desire, delay gratification, cope with interruptions and work through social distractions. Answer: because they are surrounded by so many other students who want the same thing they want. 6. Describe the range of educational experiences for middle-grade students, based on the grade configuration of the school, the size of the school, the administration’s and teacher’s orientations, the goals of the school and the staffing patterns. Answer: the goals that schools set for students influence middle-school education in other ways as well, including the curriculum offered and the instructional method used. It was found that classroom structure for students in the middle grades varied from completely self-contained classrooms, in which one teacher taught one from of students all major subject areas, to completely departmentalized schools in which each teacher specialized in a single subject area and taught several different classes of students. The middle schools showed a greater percentage of departmentalized staffing. Teachers also differed by the type of licensure held. Teachers with secondary licensure were more likely to be subject matter oriented, and middle-grade students were taught by subject matter experts showed higher level pf achievement. 7. Explain how the greater variety of choices secondary students have can result in different high school experiences, based on tracking, the courses in which they enroll, the feedback they receive from teachers, and the tacit agreement they make with their teachers, Answer: early adolescences are characterized by a variety of developmental needs and dramatic evaluation in the maturation rate. 8. Identify four areas suggested to improve the quality of high schools. A. pressure on the teacher B. influence on tracking C. classroom treaties D. specialty shops 9. List and explain some of the characteristics of schools that are effective with respect to academic. Answer: the teacher’s expectation – high can do expectation Communication among teachers – high degree of colleagueship Task orientation – serious attitude. Academic engaged time- keep students working Part II 1. Raise your hand before you speak 2. No chewing gum 3. No talking in class 4. Do your homework or they will contact your parents 5. If you are late for class you will have to go to the principal office. 6. The principal said it was okay for him to whoop me. ** I felt #6 was unfair because other people shall not be able to whoop you.

Chomsky and Skinner and Theories Of Language Development Essay

Chomsky and Skinner and Theories Of Language Development Many psychologists have studied and researched into how we acquire language. Some have concluded that the ability to learn language is a genetically inherited skill. Others believe that language is learned following birth and is due to environmental factors. This is part of the nature vs. nurture debate. One of the main psychologists who supported the nurture side was B.F Skinner. Skinner is an empiricist. He put forward the idea that children learn language because of the influence of the environment. Skinner believed that parents would provide more attention and pleasurable reactions when the infant made correct sounds or utterances. This way the child would gradually learn to speak and use language. The child would respond to the smiles and approval of the parents. Skinner explained this as operant conditioning; the reinforcement of a random response by a reward. By trial and error the child would learn to communicate. The child would repeat verbal behaviour that was rewarded and drop sounds or speech that did not work in terms of getting a pleasurable response. This is selective reinforcement. Pavlov and his dogs were and excellent example of operant conditioning. Pavlov rang a bell when it was time for the dogs to eat; eventually the dogs associated the bell with food. Each time the bell rang the dogs salivated. On the other hand, N.Chomsky who was a nativist argued that children are born with a language acquisition device (LAD). This meant that humans have a built in mechanism to help them recognise and speak language. Chomsky believed that children simply neede... ...rmal language acquisition early in life. q Sachs reported the case of Jim, whose parents deaf but who was surrounded by spoken language from the television and radio in the hope that he would learn normal language. Jim showed no signs of learning language until a speech therapist took up his case at the age of three. Without the human interaction with the speech therapist there was no sign that Jim would have learned to speak. He needed the interaction before his language ability could develop. q If language development was innate, surely it would develop soon after we are able to control our voices, which is soon after one year of age. It does not explain why language takes a few years to develop. q Chomsky's theory also doesn't explain why there are such large variations in the rate children learn language. Chomsky and Skinner and Theories Of Language Development Essay Chomsky and Skinner and Theories Of Language Development Many psychologists have studied and researched into how we acquire language. Some have concluded that the ability to learn language is a genetically inherited skill. Others believe that language is learned following birth and is due to environmental factors. This is part of the nature vs. nurture debate. One of the main psychologists who supported the nurture side was B.F Skinner. Skinner is an empiricist. He put forward the idea that children learn language because of the influence of the environment. Skinner believed that parents would provide more attention and pleasurable reactions when the infant made correct sounds or utterances. This way the child would gradually learn to speak and use language. The child would respond to the smiles and approval of the parents. Skinner explained this as operant conditioning; the reinforcement of a random response by a reward. By trial and error the child would learn to communicate. The child would repeat verbal behaviour that was rewarded and drop sounds or speech that did not work in terms of getting a pleasurable response. This is selective reinforcement. Pavlov and his dogs were and excellent example of operant conditioning. Pavlov rang a bell when it was time for the dogs to eat; eventually the dogs associated the bell with food. Each time the bell rang the dogs salivated. On the other hand, N.Chomsky who was a nativist argued that children are born with a language acquisition device (LAD). This meant that humans have a built in mechanism to help them recognise and speak language. Chomsky believed that children simply neede... ...rmal language acquisition early in life. q Sachs reported the case of Jim, whose parents deaf but who was surrounded by spoken language from the television and radio in the hope that he would learn normal language. Jim showed no signs of learning language until a speech therapist took up his case at the age of three. Without the human interaction with the speech therapist there was no sign that Jim would have learned to speak. He needed the interaction before his language ability could develop. q If language development was innate, surely it would develop soon after we are able to control our voices, which is soon after one year of age. It does not explain why language takes a few years to develop. q Chomsky's theory also doesn't explain why there are such large variations in the rate children learn language.